Biblioteca / 1950-1959
Philip S. Foner. History of the Labor Movement in the United States. Vol. 2: From the Founding of the American Federation of Labor to the Emergence of American Imperialism.
Nueva York: International Publishers, 1955.
2da edición, 1975.
3ra reimpresión, 1980.
480 páginas.
CONTENTS
PREFACE
1 – THE INDUSTRIAL SCENE, 1880-1890
Industrial Growth
Rise of Trusts
Role of the Machine
Contrast Between Wealth and Poverty
Role of Immigration
Labor Conditions
Efforts at Labor Legislation
Role of the Courts
Capital Justifies Mass Poverty
The Labor Press
2 – THE SOCIALIST MOVEMENT IN THE EIGHTIES
Lassalleans and Marxists
The Central Labor Union of New York
The Jewish Socialists
The United Hebrew Trades
The Anarchists
The International Working People’s Association
Marxists and Anarchists
The Role of German-American Socialists
Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement
Contributions of the S.L.P.
3 – RISE OF THE KNIGHTS OF LABOR
Growth of K. of L. After 1881
Role of Boycotts
The Gould Strike of 1885
Upsurge in Membership
4 – THE K. OF L. AND LABOR SOLIDARITY
Position of Skilled Workers
Foreign-Born and the Knights
The Chinese Workers
Women and the Order
Women in Strikes
Offices Hdd by Women
Negro Membership
Backward Influences
Negro-White Unity
Negro Officers
5 – POLICIES AND LEADERSHIP OF THE KNIGHTS
Role of Education
Anti-Trade Unionism
Attitude Toward Political Action
Attitude Towards Strikes
Betrayal of Second Gould Strike
Betrayal of Packinghouse Strikers
Role of Catholic Church
The Powderly Machine
Failure of S.L.P. to Challenge Powderly
6 – THE FEDERATION, LABOR DAY, AND MAY DAY
The Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions
Founding of Labor Day
The Eight-Hour Day
The Founding of May Day
The First May Day
7 – HAYMARKET
The McCormick Massacre
Haymarket Square
Red Scare
Travesty of a Trial
Who Threw the Bomb
The Defense Movement
8 – THE POLITICAL UPHEAVAL
The Employers’ Offensive
The Theiss Boycotters’s Case
Formation of Labor Party in New York
Role of Henry George
The Clarendon Hall Convention
The Labor Party’s Campaign
Red Scare
The Election Results
Labor Parties in Other Communities
Political Action in Chicago
9 – THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR
Anti-Trade Union Elements
The Knights and the Cigar Makers
Conference of National Trade Unions
The Cleveland General Assembly
The Richmond General Assembly
The American Federation of Labor
Constitution of the A. F. of L.
10 – THE DECLINE OF THE LABOR PARTIES
Labor in Elections, 1887
Disruptive Role of Henry George
Syracuse Convention, 1887
Expulsion of Socialists
The Progressive Party
Decline in Chicago
11 – THE DECLINE OF THE K. OF L.
Causes of Decline
Conflict With the Trade Unions
Attacks on Members in South
The Minneapolis Convention, 1887
Expulsion of Powderly’s Critics
K. of L. Becomes Rural
The Ousting of Powderly
The Tragedy Behind the Decline
12 – THE FORMATIVE YEARS OF THE A. F. OF L.
Role of Gompers
The Early A. F. of L. Organizers
Gompers on the A. F. of L. Objectives
The Eight-Hour Movement, 1889-1891
Gompers Stresses Solidarity
Gompers’ Position
13 – EARLY A. F. OF L. AND LABOR SOLIDARITY
Women Workers
The Negro Workers
The General Strike in New Orleans
The Foreign-Born Workers
14 – THE HOMESTEAD STRIKE
The Background
The Strike Begins
The Battle Against the Pinkertons
The Strike Continues
The Berkman Episode
The Plight of the Strikers
Results of the Defeat
15 – COAL CREEK AND COUR D’ALENE
The Convict Labor System in Tennessee
Release of the Convicts
The March on the Stockade
The Legislative Session
The Storming of the Stockade
The Battle of Oliver Springs
The Reign of Terror
Conditions of Western Miners
The \Vestern Miners Organize
«Peaceful Persuasion»
The Army Moves In
The Trial
Formation of the Western Federation of Miners
16 – THE ECONOMIC CRISIS OF 1893
The Unemployed
Demands for Public Relief
Mass Demonstrations of Unemployed
The Millionaires Protest
On to Washington
Employers Seek to Wipe Out Labor’s Gains
Labor Unity Conference
17 – THE RAILROAD BROTHERHOODS AND THE AMERICAN RAILWAY UNION
Characteristics of Railroad Brotherhoods
Debs Calls for Unity
Supreme Council of United Orders of Railway Employees
The Buffalo Switchmen’s Strike
The American Railway Union
The Great Northern Strike
Employers Unite and Attack
18 – THE PULLMAN STRIKE
Strike Begins at Pullman
The Boycott Begins
Railroad Lines Paralyzed
The Federal Government Intervenes
The Injunction
The Federal Troops
Red-Scare
Effect of the Injunction
General Strike in Chicago
The Briggs House Conference
Trial of Strike Leaders
Significance of Pullman Strike
19 – THE SOCIALISTS AND THE LABOR MOVEMENT, 1890-1896
De Leonism
Battle Between A. F. of L. and S. L. P. Leaders
De Leon Urges Socialists to Leave A. F. of L.
The «Political Programme»
Referendum on «Political Programme»
Convention
Reaction of Socialists
De Leon and the K. of L.
Socialist Trades and Labor Alliance
20 – LABOR AND EARLY POPULISM
The K. of L. and the Farmers’ Alliance
Farmer-Labor Unity on the Economic Front
The S. L. P. and People’s Party
Gompers’ Position
Election Results
Farmer-Labor Unity After the Election
21 – THE RISE OF LABOR POPULISM
Farmer-Labor Unity
Free Silver
Labor-Populism in Illinois
Labor Populism Spreads
Gompers Opposes Labor-Populism
Election of 1894
Election Results
22 – LABOR-POPULISM AND THE ELECTION OF 1896
Split in People’s Party
Defeat of the Conservatives
Effect of 1894 A. F. of L. Convention
Election of 1895
Populists Fuse with Democrats
S.L.P. and Fusion
Labor Support for Bryan
Gompers’ Role
Pro-McKinley Reign of Terror
Effects of the Terror
Election Results
Anti-Political Action Trend
Causes of Decline of Labor-Populism
23 – THE A. F. OF LAND LABOR SOLIDARITY, 1896-1901
Complaints of Negro Workers
Jim Crow Unionism in the A. F. of L.
A. F. of L. Leaders Justify Jim Crow Unionism
Jim Crow in Employment
Jim Crow Unionism and White Workers
White Chauvinism of Leaders
A. F. of L. and Foreign-Born Workers
A. F. of L. and Immigration
Restrictions on Foreign-Born Workers
A. F. of L. and Women Workers
24 – LABOR AND THE TRUSTS
A Labor Program to Meet the Challenge
Indifference of A. F. of L.
Craft Unionism and the Trusts
A. F. of L. Leaders Defend the Trusts
Workers Protest Defense of Trusts
Socialists and the Trusts
A. F. of L. and Anti-Trust Movement
The National Civic Federation
25 – LABOR AND SOCIALISM, 1897-1901
Social Democracy Gains Adherents
A. F. of L. and the Social Democracy
The Social Democratic Party
The S.D.P. and the Independent Labor Party
Debs’ Contributions
Disruptive Role of the S.T. and L.A.
The Socialist Party
26 – LABOR AND THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
Labor’s Opposition to War
A. F. of L. Convention
«Remember the Maine«
Socialists Oppose War with Spain
Trade Unions Succumb to War Fever
Labor and Socialist Forces Opposing War
27 – LABOR AND IMPERIALISM
Labor Opposes Imperialism
A. F. of L. Convention
Labor Fights Imperialist Treaty
Role of Bryan
Labor and the Anti-Imperialist League
The Common Oppressors
Anti-Imperialist Political Action
An Anti-Imperialist Third Party
Election of 1900
A. F. of L. Capitulates to Imperialists