Biblioteca / 1990-1999
Eileen Boris – Nelson Lichtenstein, editors. Major Problems in the History of American Workers. Documents and Essays.
Lexington, MA: D. C. Heath, 1991.
xv, 686 páginas.
Contents
Preface
1 – The Meaning of Work and the History of Labor
ESSAYS
David Brody • The New Labor History
Elizabeth H. Pleck • Work and Family
Michael Reich • Capitalism, Class, and Labor History
2 – The Labor Systems of Early America
DOCUMENTS
An Indentured Servant’s Letter Home, 1623
«The Trappan’d Maiden: Or, The Distressed Damsel,» (A Popular Song, Mid-Seventeenth Century)
Traveler Peter Kalm on Unfree Labor in Pennsylvania, 1753
Olaudah Equiano Survives the Middle Passage, 1791
Ebenezer Parkman’s Record of a Rural Minister’s Diverse Work, 1726, 1728, 1748
Ruth Belknap, a Country Parson’s Wife, on «The Pleasures of a Country Life,» c. 1782
First Mate Edward Coxere Describes a Storm at Sea, 1659
ESSAYS
Richard S. Dunn • Servants and Slaves: Portraits in White and Black
Laurel Thatcher Ulrich • Housewives and Household Labor in Colonial America
Marcus Rediker • Workers on the High Seas: Shipboard Solidarity, 1700-1750
3 – From the Artisan’s Republic to the Factory System
DOCUMENTS
David Johnson Remembers Apprenticeship Life in the Artisan Shoe Shop, 1830
«Cordwainers’ Song,» 1844
Constance, “On the Art of Shoemaking,” 1845
A Reporter’s Account of Lynn Women’s Mass Meeting During the Great Strike, 1860
Textile Operative William Shaw’s Testimony on Child Labor in Pennsylvania’s Textile Mills, 1838
Amelia, a Woman Worker, Protests Lowell Wage Slavery, 1845
ESSAYS
Alan Dawley • Lynn Shoemakers: Class Solidarity in the Great Strike
Maty Blewett • Conflict Among Lynn’s Shoemakers
4 – Slavery and the Transition to Free Labor
DOCUMENTS
A Record of Plantation Management, 1850
The Slave Solomon Northup’s View of Cotton Planting and Harvesting, 1854
Twentieth-Century Women Recall Their Work Lives in Slavery, 1930s
A Planter on Child Rearing, 1836
Frederick Douglass Confronts Working-Class Racism, 1836
A Northern Unionist Lectures Ex-Slaves on the Work Ethic, 1865
“We Demand Land»: Petition by Southern Freedmen, 1865
Ned Cobb on Sharecropping, 1913
ESSAYS
Eugene Genovese • The Plantation Work Ethic
Eric Foner • Emancipation and the Reconstruction of Southern Labor
5 – From Peasant to Proletarian
DOCUMENTS
Investigator John Fitch Describes Steel’s Long Shift, 1912
Economist John R. Commons Denounces the “Sweating System,» 1901
Tenement-Life Scenes of Lewis Hine, 1911
African-American Letters on Migrating North, 1917
African-American Leaders Laud Black Women’s Progress in Industry, 1924
Employer Views of Foreign Beet Workers, 1911
Migrant Agricultural Labor Speaks Out, 1951-1952
U.S. Farm Workers Attack Competition from Illegal Migrants, 1952
CIO Resolution on Foreign Migrant Workers, 1951
ESSAYS
Herbert Gutman • The Cultures of First-Generation Industrial Workers
Jacqueline Jones • From Farm to City: Southern Black Women Move North, 1900-1930
Ronald Takaki • Asian Immigrants Raise Cane: The World of Plantation Hawaii
6 – The Organization of Labor
DOCUMENTS
«Labor’s Great Army,» 1889
Samuel Gompers Defends the Strike, 1899
An A.F.L. View of Women Workers, 1897
Unionist Alice Henry on Why Women Need Their Own Local Unions, 1915
Preamble of the Industrial Workers of the World, 1908
IWW Founder William Trautmann Explains Why Strikes Are Lost, 1911
ESSAYS
Jama Lazerow • Power and Respectability: The Knights of Labor
Michael Kazin • Union Power in the Building Trades
Alice Kessler-Harris • The Labor Movement’s Failure to Organize Women Workers
7 – Cultures of the Workplace
DOCUMENTS
Miner John Brophy Learns His Trade, 1907
A Waitress And Her Customers, 1917
Letters from an Apprentice Nurse, 1939
A Student’s View of «Soldiering,» 1931
ESSAYS
David Montgomery • Work Rules and Manliness in the World of the Nineteenth-Century Craftsman
Barbara Melosh • The Work Culture of Nurses
PHOTOGRAPH ESSAY
Americans at Work in the Industrial Era
8 – The Managerial Ethos
DOCUMENTS
Frederick Winslow Taylor on the Principles of Scientific Management, 1916
A Macy’s Manager on Department-Store Bureaucracy, 1925
A Unionist Explores Management Life in the 1950s, 1978
Social Science at the Service of Management, 1957
ESSAYS
Stephen Meyer • The Making of Ford’s Assembly Line
Susan Porter Benson • Taylorizing the Shopgirl
9 – Industrial Unionism During the Great Depression
DOCUMENTS
Communist John Steuben Organizes in Steel, 1936
Stanley Nowak Organizes a Slowdown Strike, 1937
For UAW Shop Stewards: «How to Win for the Union,» 1941
Union Leaders Oppose Shop-Floor Agitators, 1941
ESSAYS
Melvyn Dubofsky • Not So Radical Years: Another Look at the 1930s
Bruce Nelson • Radical Years: Working-Class Consciousness on the Waterfront in the 1930s
10 – Labor and the State
DOCUMENTS
In re Debs, 1895
Muller v. Oregon, 1908
Adkins v. Children’s Hospital, 1923
Preamble of the National Labor Relations Act, 1935
A Union Man Gets His Job Back, 1938
Testimony for and Against the Fair Labor Standards Act, 1937
Employers Attack the Union Shop, 1958
The Unions Denounce the Taft-Hartley Act, 1957
ESSAYS
Howell Harris • Politicians, Bureaucrats, and the Shaping of Federal Labor-Relations Policy
Eileen Boris • New Deal Reformers Use the Government to Protect Women Workers
11 – Race, Gender, and Industrial Unionism: World War II and Its Aftermath
DOCUMENTS
The War Labor Board Assails Workplace Racism, 1943
The War Labor Board Orders Equal Pay for Equal Work, 1944
The Crisis Predicts a Surge in NAACP Membership, 1943
The House Committee on Un-American Activities Harasses a Black Union Official, 1952
Women’s Work in a California Warplane Factory, 1941-1945
ESSAYS
Robert Korstad and Nelson Lichtenstein • How Organized Black Workers Brought Civil Rights to the South
Ruth Milkman • How Women Were Purged from the War Plants
12 – Trade Unions in the Postwar Order
DOCUMENTS
The CIO Attacks a Communist-Led Union, 1949
Anticommunist Sentiment in the UAW, 1980
An Arbitrator Upholds the Authority of Ford Supervision, 1944
A Shop Steward on the Frustrations of the Contract System, 1954
Fortune Magazine Applauds the U.S. Labor Movement, 1951
ESSAYS
David Oshinsky • Labor’s Cold War: The CIO and the Communists
Nelson Lichtenstein • The Unions’ Retreat in the Postwar Era
13 – The Postwar Working Class
DOCUMENTS
Sociologist Daniel Bell’s «Post-Industrial» Vision, 1973
Fred Roman on the Life of an Accountant, 1972
Women Office Workers Face Dead-End Clerical Work, 1977
The Day-Care Nightmare, 1988
A Worker Pleads the Case for Family and Medical Leave, 1987
ESSAYS
Andrew Levison • The Working-Class Majority
Heidi Hartmann • Working Women Change Their Lives
14 – Workers and Their Unions in Troubled Times
DOCUMENTS
The Options Ahead for the Debt Economy, 1974
A Consultant’s Techniques for Smashing Unions, 1979
Construction Unions Try to Shore Up a Crumbling Foundation, 1985
The AFL-CIO Condems the Federal Labor Law, 1985
Steelworkers Face a Bleak Future After Layoffs, 1984
Latino Workers: A Scapegoat for Mass Unemployment? 1982
Management’s Weapon: Scab Labor, 1990
Clerical Workers Win at Harvard University, 1989
The UMW Journal on How the Mine Workers Won at Pittston, 1990
ESSAYS
Kim Moody • Concession Bargaining and the Decline of Industrial Unionism in the 1980s
Deborah E. Bell • Women and the Rise of Public-Sector Unionism Since the 1960s
15 – The Future of Work Page
DOCUMENTS
Smart Machines Make Smart Workers, 1988
The New Taylorism in a Japanese-Managed Auto Factory, 1988
Computerized Order Taking at McDonald’s, 1988
A Unionist Blasts Overseas Office Work, 1987
Secretary of Labor Ann McLaughlin Makes the Case for Home Work, 1988
Return of the Sweatshops, 1988
A Technology Bill of Rights, 1981
ESSAYS
Harley Shaiken • Computers Against the Unions
Paul Adler • Technology: Good for the Workers
M. Patricia Femandez-Kelly and Anna M. Garcia • Hispanic Women and the Persistence of the Informal Economy
APPENDIX
American Labor: A Statistical Portrait